In modern industry and urban infrastructure construction, steel jacket steam insulation pipes are widely used in the field of steam transportation due to their excellent performance. The choice of insulation material plays a key role in the insulation effect of the pipeline, service life, and overall system performance.
Common insulation materials for prefabricated steel jacket steam insulation pipes include glass wool, aluminium silicate needle-punched blanket, calcium silicate tiles, polyurethane, and nano aerogel.
Glass wool has good formability, relatively low bulk density, and low thermal conductivity, meeting the requirements for insulation, safety, and stability in high-temperature environments. The operating temperature of steam pipelines is usually between 150℃ and 350℃, and glass wool can be used for a long time at -120℃ to 400℃, not easily softening or deforming at high temperatures, continuously blocking heat loss. In steel jacket steam insulation pipes, it is often used as an important insulation layer material, effectively reducing heat loss and adapting to more complex environmental conditions.
Aluminium silicate insulation material has outstanding high-temperature resistance and can withstand higher temperatures, making it suitable for high-temperature steam pipelines. It can maintain stable insulation performance in high-temperature environments, effectively reducing heat transfer to the outside. It is often used in conjunction with other insulation materials to construct a composite insulation structure, enhancing the overall insulation effect. For example, in steam pipeline sections with higher temperatures, using an aluminium silicate needle-punched blanket as the main insulation material, combined with other auxiliary materials, can meet the insulation needs of high-temperature steam.
Polyurethane is mostly used for making cold storage, refrigerated vehicles, or fresh-keeping boxes, and can also be used as an insulation layer for colour steel sandwich panels and petrochemical tank insulation materials, with good insulation and cooling performance. In steel jacket steam insulation pipes, polyurethane rigid foam is generally used as an organic insulation layer, suitable for temperatures ≤140℃, and needs to be used in conjunction with inorganic insulation materials. It can effectively ensure the medium temperature, keeping the outer protective pipe surface at normal temperature.
Microporous calcium silicate is an inorganic thermal insulation material resistant to high temperatures. Its normal temperature thermal conductivity is ≤0.055w (m.k), density ≤220kg/m³, and other indicators such as moisture content, temperature resistance, and compressive strength can meet relevant requirements. In steel jacket steam insulation pipes, as an inorganic hard insulation layer, it can withstand high temperatures, ensure the interface temperature between the organic insulation layer, prevent polyurethane foam from carbonisation, and provide a guarantee for the stable operation of the pipeline in high-temperature environments.
Nano aerogel, as a new high-efficiency insulation material, shows advantages that traditional materials (such as glass wool, rock wool) cannot match when used in steam insulation pipes, especially in extreme conditions and high-performance demand scenarios. The core competitiveness of nano aerogel in steam insulation pipes lies in “extreme insulation, ultra-light and ultra-thin, wide temperature durability,” making it especially suitable for high-temperature, high-humidity, space-constrained, or scenarios with strict safety and environmental protection requirements. Although the initial cost is relatively high, its long-term energy-saving benefits, maintenance cost savings, and space efficiency improvements make it an ideal choice for high-end industrial insulation. With technological advancements and large-scale production, the application of aerogel will gradually penetrate from high-value-added fields to conventional steam systems.
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